Patch antenna array in order to increase main beam gain, reduce side lobe radiation, and increase directivity, the patch antenna design was expanded to a four element array. Gain and directivity enhancment of microstrip patch antenna using. Gain and directivity enhancement of microstrip patch array antenna. The directivity of patch antennas is approximately 57 db. The radiating elements and the feed lines are usually photo etched on the dielectric substrate. Normalized radiation pattern for microstrip patch antenna. It is promising to reduce the lateral radiation and obtain an enhanced directivity when the sng mtms are applied in the microstrip patch antenna. To achieve the dualfrequency antenna, the conventional patch antenna is excited along the diagonal. How can i improve the gain of a patch antenna and what is the. Gain and directivity enhancement of rectangular microstrip patch.
The transmission line model, combined with the measured and computed thermal plots, suggest a model for the computation of radiation patterns of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna in the tm 01 mode. Microstrip patch antenna directivity, antenna design. Typical half wave patches have efficiencies well above 90%. In this paper we design and simulate a rectangular microstrip patch antenna operating at a frequency of 2. Antenna gain is related to the antenna type, fr4 is lossy material therefore you can not expect large gain from fr4. The proposed antenna is suitable for specific applications, such as security and military systems, which require a narrow bandwidth and a small antenna size.
Gain enhancement of a microstrip patch antenna using a reflecting. Directivity calculate in cst patch antenna design using cst. An antenna that radiates equally in all directions would have effectively zero directionality, and the directivity of this type of antenna would be 1 or 0 db. A simple microstrip patch antenna consists of metallic patch and ground between which is a dielectric medium called the substrate. The antenna is simulated in hfss using fr4 substrate with a dielectric.
Enhancement of gain and directivity for microstrip antenna. Microstrip patch antennas or simply patch antenna are increasingly useful because the antenna is printed directly onto a circuit board. Gain calculate of patch antenna in cst patch antenna design. Through introducing an interdigital capacitor idc in the patch, a planar metamaterial mtm unit cell in the ground plane and cutting two vertical slits from the slot, size reduction of the. Hence a compromise must be reached between antenna dimensions and antenna performance. The topology of the structure is dissimilar from conventional microstrip. Hi all, i am new herei have some questions and i hope i can get some answers here. Their low profile design, often square or rectangular, allows them to be mounted to flat surfaces. The designs have array and metallic ring coplanar to radiation patch to enhance the gain. In electromagnetics, an antennas power gain or simply gain is a key performance number which combines the antennas directivity and electrical efficiency. Dec 25, 2017 gain calculate of patch antenna in cst studio antenna, microstrip, patch antenna,coaxial cable,radio,microwave engineering,probe feed,cst,coaxial feed using cst,cst studio suite, antenna design. The goal of this project is to design and build high gain, low cost, low profile antenna that can be used for wifi applications that can compete with current high gain antennas already in the market.
This technological trend has focused much effort into the design of a micro strip patch antenna. The basics of patch antennas, updated orban microwave. A low profile, unidirectional, dual layer, and narrow bandwidth microstrip patch antenna is designed to resonate at 2. Efficiency accounts for the actual losses of a particular antenna design due to manufacturing faults, surface coating losses, imperfections, impedance mismatch, or any other factor. A single patch antenna on fr4 can produce gain of 35dbi. We will discuss later in this work more parameters of the antenna in connection with microstrip patch antenna like radiation pattern, efficiency, quality factor, directivity, gain, and more. Simulation of rectangular microstrip patch antenna open. Patch antenna array in use for wifi communications refer to appendix a for the single patch antenna design procedure. As a transmitting antenna, the gain describes how well the antenna converts input power into radio waves headed in a specified direction. The antenna only has a single radiation edge equivalent slot which lowers the directivity gain of the antenna. The designed microstrip patch antenna with four slits and a pair of truncated corners are simulated using cadfeko for finding the electric far field radiation, gain, directivity, radiation pattern e.
The directivity of a microstrip patch can be found from the cavity models of patches and integrated over the hemisphere to compute directivity. Gain full theoretical control of the antenna change bandwidth, f r, e field directivity at will use a range of impatt locations and values. Design of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna using inset. Hence, with slight modification in the design, benefits can be accomplished. Design of high gain, wideband microstrip resonant cavity. Gain and directivity enhancement of rectangular microstrip patch antenna using hfss.
Design and analysis of microstrip patch antenna array in x. But, in proposed design, a high gain patch antenna with fss antenna is presented having high gain, high directivity and good radiation patterns from a single coaxial fed. One familiar application of this type of patch antenna is the rectangular antenna usually in a plastic housing used widely in 2. In this paper a simple microstrip patch antenna is designed in ads at a resonant frequency of 3. It is a measure of how directional an antenna s radiation pattern is. In this paper, a new microstrip patch antenna is designed, simulated, and fabricated. Microstrip patch antenna design santa clara university. Dec 25, 2017 directivity calculate in cst for patch antenna antenna, microstrip, patch antenna,coaxial cable,radio,microwave engineering,probe feed,cst,coaxial feed using c. Gain enhancement of a microstrip patch antenna using a. The directivity of a patch can be estimated quite easily. Design and analysis of microstrip patch antenna arrays. Shows the geometry of the proposed equal slitted square shape micro strip patch antenna the equally edge slitted square patch antenna simulation results are as follows.
However, such a configuration leads to larger antenna size. Design and implementation of patch antenna 8 figure 2. A classical patch, such as a square shaped patch, presents a single lobed broadside pattern in its fundamental mode tm10 or tm01 with a low directivity. If the antenna had a 100% radiation efficiency, all directivity would be converted to gain. Substrate,microstrip patch antenna, ground plane, air box and virtual radiation box. The effect of changing substrate material and thickness on. The coordinate axis is taken at the center of the patch or substrate. Section ii explains the design procedure of an aperture coupled microstrip patch antenna acmpa covered by ebg structure and section iii is about the simulation results. Improving microstrip patch antenna directivity using ebg. Microstrip patch antenna design calculator 1 mosin i memon and 2 prof. Thanks a lot how do i calculate the gain of a microstrip patch and array antenna. This may be replaced with a physical shorting plane to create a quarterwavelength microstrip antenna.
The patch antenna is a good place to start for antenna fundamentals with more coming. But illustrates sizes and importance of good antenna design why microstrip antennas. In the second part of this antenna basics series, you will learn more about the physics of how antennas work. Conventional single element microstrip patch antennas have a low directivity 67dbi 1. Lets start our antenna page with some basic definitions. The gain and directivity of the designed antenna is 7. In this work, the simulation tool of ie3d is used to study the performance and gain of the rectangular microstrip patch antenna. Jun 03, 2015 in order to design a microstrip patch antenna at first the designer is to select the substrate material and its thickness.
Often microstrip antennas are also referred to as patch antennas. We obtain the same directivity for linearly and circularly polarized patches because a circularly polarized patch is a linear combination of two linearly polarized patterns. Therefore, the design of high directivity microstrip patch antennas is a challenging task. The e and hfield halfpower 3db beamwidth was contracted by 47. The effect of the reflector layer on the gain and directivity is studied and. The proposed design has been simulated using hfss simulation package thats characteristic of the slotted l shaped microstrip patch antenna in terms of return loss and its impedance bandwidth is synthesized and analysed through smith chart. Designing for designing of a microstrip patch antenna, we have to select the resonant frequency and a dielectric medium for which antenna is to be designed. The fundamentals of patch antenna design and performance.
In this paper, we designed a rectangular micro strip. This work is mainly focused on increasing the gain as well as reducing the size of the unidirectional patch. The rising importance of wireless communication and multimedia services increasing the efforts to the design and implementation of microstrip patch structures. A patch antenna radiates power in certain directions and we say that the antenna has directivity usually expressed in dbi. By suppressing backwardwave radiation, antenna gain increased by 3. The proposed antenna is designed to operate at the resonant frequency of 5. This antenna is designed on coaxial probe feeding technique and its performance characteristics which include return loss, gain, directivity. While directivity is always greater than or equal to 1 0 db, antenna gain can be less than 1 0 db. In order to design a compact microstrip patch antenna, a substrate with a higher dielectric constant and narrower bandwidth. The microstrip patch antenna performance is depends on and determined by its operating frequency, resonant frequency, gain, directivity, and radiation efficiency. Without changing the original microstrip patch antenna size, the use of metamaterials made it possible to nearly double antenna directivity. A comparative performance study of rectangular and circular shape microstrip patch antennas at an x band frequency is presented in this paper. Alternate feed methods a common variation in patch antenna design is the location and routing of the feed, to.
Additional benefits of patch antennas is that they are easily fabricated making them cost effective. Hence, when designing a patch antenna it is typically trimmed by 24% to achieve resonance at. For a microstrip antenna to work, you want to think the opposite thoughts that you might want to think if you were designing a microstrip mmic. Directional patch antenna array design for desktop wireless. A high directivity wideband resonant cavity antenna rca is proposed in which a compact wideband microstrip patch antenna mpa is utilized as radiator. Radiation patterns, permittivity, directivity, and gain october 12, 2016 by mark hughes antennas allow information to be transferred to distant locations.
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